Sem secretárias e assessores particulares

 

Secretárias e assessores particulares, reais ou imaginários, não fazem parte do mundo de um deputado sueco.
”Nenhum deputado tem secretária particular, nem contrata assessores”, diz Mats Lindh, assessor do setor de Serviços Parlamentares.
No sistema sueco, cada partido político representado no Parlamento recebe verba restrita para contratar um grupo de assistentes e assessores, que formam o chamado secretariado do partido. E este grupo de funcionários atende, coletivamente, a todos os deputados de uma sigla.
A verba de contratação cobre, a título de cálculo, o salário de um assessor por cada deputado, no valor de 50,3 mil coroas suecas (cerca de 17,5 mil reais, ou 7,6 mil dólares). Cada partido é livre para distribuir o valor da verba como quiser, de maneira a montar uma equipe de assistentes que melhor atenda às necessidades dos deputados. Mas a regra geral é que nenhum deputado têm assessor particular: todos dividem entre si um pool de assessores e assistentes, que entre outras atividades preparam textos políticos e cuidam das relações com a imprensa.
Nos corredores da base parlamentar do partido Social-Democrata, o porta-voz fornece a lista do secretariado: 95 funcionários trabalham em conjunto para apoiar as atividades de 130 deputados. São no total 52 assessores políticos, 33 funcionários de apoio para questões políticas e de imprensa, e dez assistentes administrativos – que não costumam estar à disposição dos deputados para tarefas pessoais:
”Cada deputado cuida da sua agenda de trabalho e marca ele próprio, por exemplo, bilhetes de trem ou avião”, diz Ömer Oguz.
Já o líder do Partido Social-Democrata tem um total de dez funcionários em seu gabinete no Parlamento. E, sim, uma secretária na porta.
Para o cientista político sueco Rune Premförs, manter uma força-tarefa de assessores particulares para um só parlamentar é uma aberração.  Em seu escritório na Universidade de Estocolmo, ele conta que certa vez visitou um amigo que trabalhava para um senador americano em Washington. Surpreso, constatou que todos os funcionários que estavam no escritório serviam apenas àquele único senador.
”Por que todos esses recursos deveriam estar à disposição de um único político, se podem ser divididos? Representantes políticos devem também ser representantes do povo em termos de não se atribuir condições privilegiadas”, opina.
É válido o argumento de que países grandes têm grandes problemas, diz o cientista político, e que para resolvê-los precisam de mais recursos humanos.
”Mas isto não significa necessariamente aumentar os privilégios pessoais, na forma de assessores particulares. O que um parlamentar precisa é de serviços de informação e consultoria de qualidade para apoiar suas atividades e a sua tomada de decisões. Na Suécia, um dos setores do Parlamento que mais se expandiu nos últimos vinte anos foi o RUT (Serviço de Pesquisas do Parlamento), que fornece todo tipo de pesquisas, estatísticas e consultorias especializadas a parlamentares de todas as siglas”, fala Premförs.
Até a década de 70, os deputados não tinham nem assistentes e nem mesmo escritórios individuais no Parlamento, lembra o cientista político Daniel Tarchys.
”Ao longo do tempo, foram introduzidos recursos como o auxílio de assistentes e assessores. Mas estes recursos nunca foram destinados diretamente a um deputado em particular, e sim ao partido, a quem cabe decidir como usá-los para serviços coletivos ou individuais”, diz Tarchys.
”Este sistema reflete a forte posição dos partidos no Parlamento, e o forte grau de coesão partidária na Suécia”, aponta o cientista político.
No Governo, cada ministro possui uma secretária e uma equipe que varia entre  dois e nove assistentes, segundo o departamento de administração governamental (Förvaltningsavdelningen Regerinskansliet).

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